Monday, October 29, 2007

Future of the society


Almost 40 years ago an American writer and futurist, Alvin Toffler amused us when he and his wife Heidi depicted digital revolution, communications revolution, corporate revolution in his book Future Shock (1970 - Bantam Books).

Most of his predictions are now part of our day life, they were right!

But how can we be sure about the certainty of the predictions made by today’s futurologists? How can we use the predictions to make our next month/year/generation’s century better?

Maybe Charles Darwin had the answer: “It is not the strongest of the species that survive, not the most intelligent, but the one most responsive to change.”

Science fiction Star trek characters are 300 years away in the future where the man reached a final steady state of science and technology.

Stephen Hawking depicts in his chapter 6 of The Universe in a Nutshell why future unfortunately will not be like this.

Star Trek shows a society that is in most cases far advanced than ours, in science, in technology, and in political organization. The future science, technology, and the organization of society, are supposed to have achieved a level of near perfection.

Beside some set backs like the Dark Ages after the fall of the Roman Empire the human race has been in a state of constant knowledge and fixed technology and in the last two hundred years the population growth has become exponential. Currently the rate is about 1.9% a year. 1.9 % may not sound very much but it means that the world population doubles every 40 years.

If the scientific and technological developments continue at present level in the near future accompanied by the exponential growth, world's population would be standing shoulder to shoulder by the year 2600 and the electricity consumption would make the Earth glow red hot.

History has shown that the present exponential growth can not continue indefinitely. So what will happen? One possibility is that we wipe ourselves out completely by some disaster such as a nuclear war once we have the technological power to do so. Even if we don't destroy ourselves completely there is the possibility that we might descend into a state of brutalism and barbarity like the opening scene of Terminator. But it will not be the machines that will be the dominant class.

There has been no significant change in human DNA in the last ten thousand years. But it is most likely that human race will be able to completely redesign it in the next thousand.

Clearly developing improved humans will create great social and political problems with respect to unimproved humans. Hawking makes it quite clear when he says “I'm not advocating human genetic engineering as a good thing,”

Human race needs to improve its mental and physical qualities if it is to deal with the increasingly complex world around. That’s why science fiction like Star Trek is wrong when you see the same human being as we see today four hundred years in the future.

“But I'm an optimist. I think we have a good chance of avoiding both Armageddon and a new Dark Ages.”

Bellow you will find some forecasts for the next events :

May 25 2008 - NASA's Phoenix spacecraft will land on Mars.

June 14 2008 - Expo 2008 scheduled to begin in Zaragoza, Spain.

August 8-August 24 - The 2008 Summer Olympics will take place in Beijing, China.

February 17 2009 - Analog television broadcasts are scheduled to end in the United States, as the Federal Communications Commission will require all stations to send their signals digitally.

2010 unknown date - The Space Shuttle program will be retired by NASA and replaced by Project Constellation. This project will include new space vehicles called Orion and Ares, capable of traveling to the Space Station, to the Moon, and eventually to Mars.

2015 unknown date - China is expected to overtake Japan as the 2nd largest economy in the world.

2015 unknown date - Hydrogen vehicles are expected to become affordable and ready to find at car dealerships by this year.

March 2020 - Yahoo! Inc.'s 25th birthday; opening of the Yahoo! Time Capsule.

2020 unknown date - According to current plans and workings for Project Constellation, NASA should be returning Humans to the Moon.

2020 unknown date - Brazil is expected to reach the status of a developed country.

"By 2030, the world will have only enough food to feed everyone at the level of an Indian peasant (on average)." According to the Worldwatch Institute, as reported in Newsweek, September 12, 1994.

The European Space Agency hopes to land humans on Mars between 2030 and 2035.

Scientists predict Arctic Ice will completely melt in the summer of 2030.

2050 - The world's population is expected to reach over 9 billion.

2050 - Robots will beat humans at football.

By the year 2050, what the reports calls the "E7" economies — China, India, Brazil, Russia, Indonesia, Mexico and Turkey — will have outstripped the current G7 — US, Japan, Germany, UK, France, Italy and Canada — by between 25% when comparing GDP using market exchange rates to around 75% when using purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates.

By 2100, 12% (about 1250) of the bird species existing at the beginning of the 21st century are expected to be extinct or threatened with extinction, according to the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, July 4, 2006.

2103 - Humans colonize Mars according to Star Trek Voyager episode "The 37s (Voyager episode)".

By the year 2150, over 50% of schools in the USA or Western Europe will require classes in defending against robot attacks. - Alex K. Rubin.

2150 - If fertility rates were to stay constant at 1990-1995 levels for the next 155 years, the world in 2150 would need to support 296 billion persons.

2200 - If we stopped burning fossil fuels today Earth would gradually start cooling back down. It would return to current temperatures.

Monday, October 22, 2007

Barcodes


Have you already tried to read barcodes printed on the label of the products you find on the supermarket shelves?

Be sure that to create them was much more difficult than read them. In 1948 Bernard Silver a supermarket executive asked some Drexel Institute of Technology students to figure out how to capture product information automatically at checkout. Bernard Silver and Norman Joseph Woodland started to cogitate how that would be possible. The two worked on some preliminary ideas without great results. One day at the beach, Woodland thought about the problem; what came to his mind was Morse code. If dots and dashes could be used to send information electronically, there certainly should be a way to capture data about grocery products that could be communicated electronically.

Together with Jordin Johanson they filed for a U.S. patent in October 1949 and it was granted in 1952.

The best-known and most widespread barcode pattern is UPC (Universal Product Code) developed as a response to business needs. On June 26, 1974 at 8:01 am, Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio made history when register a 10-pack of Wrigley's Juicy Fruit through a hand-made laser scanner made by NCR Corp.

The UPC encodes 12 decimal digits as SLLLLLLMRRRRRRE, where S (start) and E (end) are the bit pattern 101, M (middle) is the bit pattern 01010 (called guard bars), and each L (left) and R (right) are digits.

The (L) and (R) codes for each digit are the one's complement of each other Digit (L) code (R) code:
0 0001101 1110010
1 0011001 1100110
2 0010011 1101100
3 0111101 1000010
4 0100011 1011100
5 0110001 1001110
6 0101111 1010000
7 0111011 1000100
8 0110111 1001000
9 0001011 1110100

Today barcodes also come in patterns of dots, concentric circles, and text codes hidden within images. A barcode is a machine-readable representation of information, read by optical scanners called barcode readers or scanned from an image by special software.

To be used all over the world barcodes has integrated to EAN (European Article Number), a superset of UPC, adding an extra digit to the beginning (EAN 13).

The Uniform Code Council (UCC) and the Electronic Commerce Council of Canada (ECCC) joined EAN International to create and standardized codes for every nation in the world. The first three digits of the barcode of any product represents the country, as follows:

List of GS1* country codes - *GS1 (Global Standard One) is a global organization dedicated to the design and implementation of global standards and solutions to improve the efficiency and visibility of supply and demand chains globally and across multiple sectors):

000 – 019 U.S. and Canada
020 – 029 reserved for local use (store/warehouse)
030 – 039 U.S. and Canada drugs (see U.S. National Drug Code)
040 – 049 reserved for local use (store/warehouse)
050 – 059 coupons
060 – 099 U.S. and Canada
100 – 139 U.S. and Canada (reserved for later use)
200 – 299 reserved for local use (store/warehouse)
300 – 379 France and Monaco
380 Bulgaria
383 Slovenia
385 Croatia
387 Bosnia and Herzegovina
400 – 440 Germany (440 code inherited from old East Germany on reunification, 1990)
450 – 459 Japan
460 – 469 Russia
470 Kyrgyzstan
471 Taiwan
474 Estonia
475 Latvia
476 Azerbaijan
477 Lithuania
478 Uzbekistan
479 Sri Lanka
480 Philippines
481 Belarus
482 Ukraine
484 Moldova
485 Armenia
486 Georgia
487 Kazakhstan
489 Hong Kong SAR
490 – 499 Japan
500 – 509 United Kingdom
520 Greece
528 Lebanon
529 Cyprus
530 Albania
531 FYR Macedonia
535 Malta
539 Republic of Ireland
540 – 549 Belgium and Luxembourg
560 Portugal
569 Iceland
570 – 579 Denmark, Faroe Islands and Greenland
590 Poland
594 Romania
599 Hungary
600 – 601 South Africa
603 Ghana
608 Bahrain
609 Mauritius
611 Morocco
613 Algeria
616 Kenya
618 Côte d'Ivoire
619 Tunisia
621 Syria
622 Egypt
624 Libya
625 Jordan
626 Iran
627 Kuwait
628 Saudi Arabia
629 United Arab Emirates
640 – 649 Finland
690 – 695 China PR
700 – 709 Norway
729 Israel
730 – 739 Sweden
740 Guatemala
741 El Salvador
742 Honduras
743 Nicaragua
744 Costa Rica
745 Panama
746 Dominican Republic
750 Mexico
754 – 755 Canada
759 Venezuela
760 – 769 Switzerland and Liechtenstein
770 Colombia
773 Uruguay
775 Peru
777 Bolivia
779 Argentina
780 Chile
784 Paraguay
785 Peru
786 Ecuador
789 – 790 Brazil
800 – 839 Italy, San Marino and Vatican City
840 – 849 Spain and Andorra
850 Cuba
858 Slovakia
859 Czech Republic
860 Serbia and Montenegro
865 Mongolia
867 North Korea
869 Turkey
870 – 879 Netherlands
880 South Korea
884 Cambodia
885 Thailand
888 Singapore
890 India
893 Vietnam
899 Indonesia
900 – 919 Austria
930 – 939 Australia
940 – 949 New Zealand
950 Head Office
955 Malaysia
958 Macau
977 Serial publications (ISSN)
978 – 979 Bookland (ISBN) – 979 formerly used for sheet music
980 Refund receipts
981 – 982 Common Currency Coupons
990 – 999 Coupons

Countries not listed above are not currently on the GS1 system.

Another code widely used is the DUN-14 (Distribution Unit Number), it is not really a barcode type. It's a numbering system for shipping containers that uses other barcode symbology. The DUN-14 uses the ITF-14 (the GS1 implementation of an Interleaved 2 of 5 bar code to encode a Global Trade Item Number ) or the EAN-14 symbol set. Modern installations always use the EAN-14 to encode the DUN-14.

Sunday, October 21, 2007

Connected 24 Hours in the Global Economy - Daniel Altman


Where were you on June 15th 2005 ? Can’t you remember? Maybe Daniel Altman would know. In his book Daniel Altman - Connected 24 Hours in the Global Economy (Publication Date: May 2007 - Publisher: Tantor Media Inc ) the Global Economics Correspondent of the International Herald Tribune, for which he moderates the blog Managing Globalization he also served as one of the youngest-ever members of the editorial board of The New York Times, Altman chooses a day, June 15 2005, and describes 14 circumstances from any place around the world. He uses the old cog-in-the-machine metaphor of the laborer with a new globally connected and empowered knowledge class.

He begins each chapter with a news article or an email about a specific event somewhere in the world. We will then understand how this particular event relates to the global economy. This is the economist zooming in and out from the micro to the macro environment.

His first chapter starts with two world clocks, the first in New York 12:03 am and the second in Stockholm 06:03 am of the day June 15th , 2005. In this day, precisely at this time Ericsson and Napster came up with a music service that would deliver songs to mobile phones and PCs interchangeably. This partnership took six months of negotiation. Ericsson, “a pillar of its nation’s corporate identity”, and Napster “is an upstart that began life as an illegal network of tech junkies and only recently became a respectable brand” showed that most successful linkups are usually built on a combination of comforting similarities and useful differences.

Then Altman went to Tokyo to describe a cultural shift in the way Japanese people see competition and what happened at 04:02 p.m. at Fair Trade Commission’s office in Tokyo. Then Altman goes to Ho Chi Minh citiy, Hong Kong, Quingdao –China, etc.

Connected is an important peace of work for those who want to understand the powers of globalization. Globalization was not a deliberated decision took by one person, group of people or institution, globalization runs by itself, every time you pay your bill or make a trip to some distant country, “The market is like the world’s oceans; add a drop to the Atlantic, and the water level everywhere else will rise” as Altman eloquently puts.

Thursday, October 18, 2007

You tell the story - Travel through Space and Time: The IV Dynasty of Egypt


If Blemya is a blog dedicated to cool places and things in the world, travel, etc. why not to write about space and TIME travel?

My idea was to write about the ancient Egypt during the IV Dynasty, the economy, the places, etc. With that intent in my earlier days I went to the library for research, I’ve found books there were often, out-of-date, bias, poorly reasearched. Then I tried to continue my search in internet, and I came across articles about open codes that other software developers have all been using.

I decided to create the blog

Then came the idea, why not write an open story, I could use all data available about Pharaoh Sneferu, Rahotep and Nofret, Cheops, as platform and readers will be able to fill in the blanks. Maybe Nofret had an affair with Prince Nefermaat, vizier to King Sneferu.

The history begins at September 13th 2589 (Year 4 from coronation date, day 27, month paopi, season of the overflow of Nile river of his Magesty, Sneferu - The King of Upper and Low[er] Egypt) - day of the Festival of lighting the fires of Neith, with two time/space travelers: the young Luiz Pagano and his lion. They arrived in a flashlight right in the middle of a battle between the Egyptians and the Monitu.

Egyptians had conquered Monitu and forced them to pay tribute and for this purpose it was necessary to hold the country by a set of military posts. Pharaoh Sneferu’s employees use to mine in Wady Maghara (land of Monitu) and in this particular night the presence of the boy and the lion aggravates a quarrel between two nations.

An opportunist Monitu soldier took advantage from the chaos caused by the arrival of the time travelers and hit Keops (son of Sneferu) in the head.

Khufu (in Greek known as Χέωψ, Cheops; pronounced "key-ops") was son of Sneferu, second Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt's Old Kingdom. He reigned from 2589 BC to 2566 BC.

Sneferu, was the founder of the Fourth dynasty of Egypt, reigning from 2613 BC to 2589 bC. He used to call himself Neter aa, "the Great God," and Neb mat, "the Lord of Justice." He is also "the Golden Horus," or "the Conqueror." runs to help his son...


If you want to know more click on http://www.youtellthestory.blogspot.com/

You will continue it…..

Saturday, October 13, 2007

Incredible and expensive tour packages


When MirCorp sent Dennis Tito, an American businessman and former JPL scientist to visit the International Space Station (April 28, 2001), they knew that they were making history as the only company to have sent paying passengers to space.Tito who became world’s first space tourist had paid for the tour package 20 million dollars to the Russian agency, which put him into orbit for seven days 22 hours on the International Space Station.

After that in August 10, 2003 Ekaterina Dmitriev was married by proxy in Texas to Yuri Malenchenko, a cosmonaut who was at that time aboard the International Space Station. It was the first "space wedding" in history. The luckiest couple
didn't have to pay for the party because Yuri was on duty.
But if you are not that lucky as Yuri, and don’t want to spend as much as Tito, you could fly a Mig or Sukhoi Fighter Jets in Moscow. The package includes a breathtaking 80,000 feet altitude fly on a MiG-25 at over Mach-2.4 speed. A company called flymig even offers real-time ordering with immediate online pricing .
Is air sport becoming boring? Ok, sharkbookings offers tour packages where you could have a dream date with Great White Shark. They say that so far, client’s most serious injury has been a sunburn .

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