Why different civilizations built pyramids?

The seaside view of El Castillo at Tulum

For thousands of years, the largest structures on Earth were pyramids: the Great Pyramid of Khufu in Egypt, is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still remaining.

Pyramids are being constructed since Upper Paleolithic, about 45,000-10,000 years ago to modern days. The first humans used mammoths’ bones, stones and/or pieces of wood as construction material for their pyramid-like structures.

Pyramids are the most stable constructions, and man learned how to imprint some information on it, writing on its walls, or even by the way they’ve constructed it.

Why were pyramids built?

Basically, ancient Egypt pyramids came from the mastabas, tombs used for the burials of pharaohs and their queens.

The first pyramid was made by stacking a mastaba on top of a slightly larger one. Mastabas were relatively low, rectangular, flat-roofed, roughly bench-shaped burial mounds for the pre-Dynastic pharaohs or nobility. Mastabas, which were made of mud brick or stone, were visible monuments, with the actual burial chamber under ground.

During the fourth dynasty, after the construction of the first pyramid, monuments were erected as a signal of prosperity. Tall, glorious, and expensive structures were built as a testament to the society that they represented, and also the rulers who lead those societies. In Egypt, pyramids were erected as a tribute to the glory of the civilization by the Nile.

Pyramids were also related to the religion of the time, Egyptian pyramids held many personal items of the deceased in preparation for his afterlife.

Some other structures in Central America were used as astronomical observatories and benchmarks.

Many have said that some pyramids are mathematical compendium incorporating all kinds of astronomical and cosmological formulas of each civilization.

Although many of these factual findings and conclusions are related to pseudoscientific research, we may consider formulas incorporated in pyramids as "intentional”.

Contrary to common beliefs, the largest pyramid by volume is not the Great Pyramid of Giza; it is the Cholula pyramid in the state of Puebla.

Known as Tlachihualtepetl (Nahuatl for "artificial mountain"), Cholula is a huge complex located in Mexico. Is the largest archaeological site of a pyramid (temple) in the New World. The pyramid stands 55 meters (180 ft) above the surrounding plain, and in its final form it measured 400 by 400 meters (1,300 by 1,300 ft). The pyramid is a temple that has traditionally been viewed as having been dedicated to the god Quetzalcoatl. The architectural style of the building was closely linked to that of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico.

But of course, Egyptians achieved State-of-the art in matters of pyramids construction.

 Imhotep, a priest and a physician - credited to be the father of science 

The name behind the construction of the first pyramid was Imhotep, a priest and physician; credited with many miraculous healings.

Although he achieved great fame during his lifetime, Imhotep's renown continued to grow after his death. He eventually achieved status of a god among Egyptians.

He is best known today as the architect who began the "age of pyramids" in Egypt. He designed and supervised the building of the step pyramid complex at Saqqara, which is believed to be the first colossal stone edifice ever built, but ancient Egypt’s chief attraction still the Great Pyramid of Giza.

It has been said that the dimensions of the Great Pyramid of Giza incorporate measurements from which the Earth's size and shape can be calculated, as well as the distance between the Earth and the moon and the distance between the Earth and the sun.

The Great Pyramid of Giza, also called Khufu’s Pyramid or Cheops was built entirely of limestone, and is considered an architectural masterpiece. It contains around 1,300,000 blocks ranging in weight from 2.5 tons to 15 tons and is built on a square base with sides measuring about 230 m (755 ft), covering 13 acres. Its four sides face the four cardinal points precisely and it has an angle of about 51 degrees. The original height of the Pyramid was c.146.5 m (488 ft), but today it is only 137 m (455 ft) high, the 9 m (33 ft) that is missing is due to the theft of the fine quality limestone covering, or casing stones to build houses and Mosques in Cairo.

Find here some nice statistics about the Pyramid of Khufu:

- The sides of all three of the Giza pyramids were astronomically oriented to be north-south and east-west within a small fraction of a degree;

- Pi

The pyramid of Cheops have a base length of 230,28 m, and a height of 146.6 m. If you take two times the base length, and divide this by the height, you get a value of Pi "3,14161

The pyramid of Cheops have a base length of 230,28 m, and a height of 146.6 m. If you take two times the base length, and divide this by the height, you get a value of Pi "3,14161..." the mathematical constant whose value is the ratio of any circle's circumference to its diameter;

- Golden Ratio – Phi

To find the Golden Section, 1:1.618 we have to divide the length of the base, 230.28m. by 2 and then, divide it by the apothem, the altitude of a face, from ground to the top

We could also find Golden Section (1:1.618), a unique ratio (or relationship between parts) that seems to be preferred by nature as the best geometry for growth, energy conservation, elegance and has some fundamental relationships to the platonic solids. Al we have to do is divide the length of the base (230.28m) by 2 and then divide it by the apothem (the altitude of a face, from ground to the top);

- Center of Earth

The Pyramid lies in the center of gravity of the continents. It also lies in the exact center of all the land area of the world, dividing the earth's land mass into approximately equal quarters.

The north-south axis (31 degrees east of Greenwich) is the longest land meridian, and the east-west axis (30 degrees north) is the longest land parallel on the globe. There is obviously only one place that these longest land-lines of the terrestrial earth can cross, and it is at the Great Pyramid! This is incredible, one of the scores of features of this mighty structure which begs for a better explanation.

- Perfectly placed stones

The average casing stone on the lowest level was 5 ft. long by 5 ft. high by 6 ft. deep and weighed 15 tons. The casing stones weighing as much as 20 tons were placed with an accuracy of 5/1000ths of an inch, and an intentional gap of about 2/100ths of an inch for mortar;

- From far away

High quality limestone was used for the outer casing, with some of the blocks weighing up to 15 tones. This limestone came from Tura, about 8 miles away on the other side of the Nile. Granite quarried nearly 500 miles away in Aswan with blocks weighing as much as 60-80 tones, was used for the portcullis doors and relieving chambers;

- Chambers above ground level

The Great Pyramid is the only pyramid to have chambers above ground level.

The arrangement of the pyramids is a disputed representation of the Orion constellation. Hancock and Bauval in their book explain that the ‘air’ shafts inside the Great Pyramid aligned to the stars in the Belt of Orion and the pole star around 2500 BC. The southern shaft from the Queens Chamber aligned with the star Sirius at its culmination point on the meridian. This star was very important to the Egyptians and was associated with the mother Goddess Isis. The southern shaft emanating from the Kings Chamber aligned with the brightest star of the Orion Belt Zeta Orionis. This star was associated with the Egyptian God of resurrection and rebirth Osiris! The northern shafts aligned to the ancient pole star Alpha Draconis (Kings Chamber) and to Beta Ursa Minor (Queens Chamber);

- Indicates equinoxes

At dawn and sunset at the time of the equinoxes (around 21 March and 22 Sept), a shadow appears on the south face of the great pyramid, apparently dividing it in half, with the shaded side nearest the sun. The phenomenon occurs because the core-masonry is concave on all four faces by a yard deep. The casing stones that exist show clearly that the finished surface wasn't concave. This strange feature was first illustrated in La Description de l'Egypte in the late 1700's (Volume V, pl. 8). Flinders Petrie noticed a hollowing in the core masonry in the center of each face and wrote that he "continually observed that the courses of the core had dips of as much as ½° to 1°" (The Pyramids and Temples of Gizeh, 1883, p. 421). Though it is apparently more easily observed from the air, the concavity is measurable and is visible from the ground under favorable lighting conditions.

- Pyramid power

At the end of 70's Luiz Pagano gave him a cooper pyramid

There are many pseudoscientific theories in wich pyramids harnesses cosmic energy (or Universal Life Force Energy) and preserves it in its bosom. The idea that using small models of pyramids can improve health, improve the growth of seeds and plants, preserve food, sharpen or maintain the sharpness of razor blades, among others, was initiated in the 1930s by French hardware store owner and pendulum dowsing author Antoine Bovis.

Pyramid should be oriented correctly with one of its face facing the north and the base should be perfectly aligned with the needle of a compass, Cosmic Energy gets more accumulated at 1/3rd height from the base of the Pyramid, the so called King's Chamber region.

In 2005, an episode of MythBusters a test of pyramid power was performed, using pyramids built according to the specifications found in the Great Pyramid. Of course the show busted the myth, but strangely enough a half apple placed under the pyramid rots slower than the half they left in the open, force them to remake the experiment, and they didn’t perform the seed growth experiment (this one always worked in my tests as seen in my 1982 annotations caught on photo).

There are lots and lots of pyramids in Egypt… And around the world:

Pyramid of Chichen Itza in Mexico – one of the new 7 wonders of the World

"El Casillo", the Pyramid of Chichen Itza was constructed by the pre-Columbian Maya society between the 10th and 13th centuries AD

Mexico amazing historical Pyramid Chichen Itza was constructed by the pre-Columbian Maya someday among the 10th and 13th centuries AD, El Castillo served as a temple to the god Kukulkan, the Yucatec Maya Feathered Serpent deity carefully associated with the deity determine Quetzalcoatl identified to the Aztecs and different important Mexican cultures of the Postclassic period.

Chichen Itza can be a step pyramid with a floor plan of squared terraces with stairways up each of the 4 facets to the temple on top. Nice sculptures of plumed serpents run down the edges of the northern staircase, and are set off by way of shadows from the nook stages at the spring and autumn equinoxes. Chichen Itza, this pyramid has 91 steps on 3 of the perimeters and 92 on the north staircase, which provides as much as 365 steps, or days of the year.

The Mexican executive restored the pyramid in the 1920s and 1930s, concurrent with the Carnegie Establishment’s restoration of the Temple of Warriors. Archaeologists had been in a position to reconstruct two sides of this Chichen Itza pyramid in their entirety.

Luiz Pagano travel to to Chichen Itza Sep/1994

Through digging from the top, they discovered another temple buried beneath the current one. Within the Chichen Itza temple chamber is a Chac Mool statue and a throne in the shape of jaguar, painted red with spots made from inlaid jade. The Mexican government excavated a tunnel from the base of the north staircase, up the in advance pyramid’s stairway to the hidden temple, and opened it to tourists.

In up to date years, the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH), which manages the archaeological website online of Chichen Itza, has been final monuments to public access. At the same time as visitors can stroll round them, they may be able to no longer climb them or pass within their chambers. Mountaineering El Castillo used to be halted in 2006 after an 80-year old woman fell to her death. On the similar time INAH closed the general public access to the throne room.
The staircases rise at an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal, while the average inclination of the stepped pyramid itself is 53.3 degrees.

The faces of the individual steps are sloped at a greater angle, approximately 73 degrees.

Counting the top platform as an additional step gives a total of 365 steps: 1step for each day of the year

- The nine main platforms of the pyramid are thought to represent the 18 months of the haab, and the 52 panels represent the number of years it takes for a calendar round date to recur.

Height: 24m - top platform (+6m with the temple);

The construction is 24 m high, the square base measures 55.3 m across;

The temple at the top of the pyramid is 6 m high, 13.42 m wide, and 16.5 m long.

The Pyramid of Kukulcan also has some facts imprinted on its structures:

- The days of the year

El Castillo's design is thought to relate to the Mayan calendar. Each of the four faces incorporates a broad, steep staircase consisting of 91 steps that ascends to the top platform. Counting the top platform as an additional step gives a total of 365 steps: 1step for each day of the year.

- Indicates equinoxes

The shadow-serpent appear the slide down the steps of the north balustrade.

The word for a snake's rattle, Tzab, is the same word for the Pleiades. In addition, research by Jose Diaz Bolio indicated that some Yucatecan rattlesnakes have a strange little three-dot marking in a circle near the rattlel. This symbol was read by Bolio as a solar ahau face, a symbol of the sun. Now, when the serpent shadow appears, if we wish to imagine the snake's tail, it must pierce the temple on top of the pyramid (the fifth, central direction-the zenith direction) and then it points up into the center of the sky (see diagram). Since the rattle is called tzab (Pleiades) and the three-dot ahau face design is the sun, the symbolism states unequivocally: sun and Pleiades in the zenith.

This alignment doesn't occur on the equinoxes, but at Chichen Itza it occurs on May 20th in the 21st century. The point is that the pyramid "points", with this symbolism, to an astronomical alignment that occurs in a specific precessional era. As such, the Pyramid of Kukulcan is a precessional star clock constructed in stone.

Pyramids of Louvre

The third pyramid I would like to mention is the Louvre pyramid, a modern large glass and metal pyramid, surrounded by three smaller pyramids, in the main courtyard (Cour Napoléon) of the Louvre Palace. Was commissioned by the President of France François Mitterrand in 1984, it was designed by the architect I. M. Pei.

The pyramid and the underground lobby beneath it were created because of a series of problems with the Louvre's original main entrance, which could no longer handle an enormous number of visitors on an everyday basis. Visitors entering through the pyramid descend into the spacious lobby then re-ascend into the main Louvre buildings. Several other museums have duplicated this concept, most notably the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago.

- Louvre Pyramides facts:

The Louvre Pyramid is a pyramid with a square base.
Height: 21.65 m
Length of the base: 35 m
Tilt angle: 51.7 degrees;

- The Legend of 666 windows

This legend has its roots back in the 80s, when the official brochure was published, during its construction; it actually cited the number 666. But it was a mistaken number. The direction of the Louvre Museum confirmed that the complete pyramid has a total of 673 glass plates (603 diamonds and 70 triangles).

David A. Shugart, in other hand, counts 689 3. It was made several statements, leading to varying results, all of them presenting more than 666;

La Pyramide Inversée (The Inverted Pyramid)

It is a magnificent skylight, considered a smaller sibling of the more famous Louvre Pyramid, yet turned upside down.

The pyramid marks the intersection of two main walkways and orients visitors towards the museum entrance. Tensioned against a 30-ton, 13.3-meter square steel caisson frame, the inverted pyramidal shape in laminated glass points downward towards the floor. The tip of the pyramid is suspended 1.4 meters (a little more than 4.5 feet) above floor level. Individual glass panes in the pyramid, 30 mm thick, are connected by stainless-steel crosses 381 mm in length. After dark, the structure is illuminated by a frieze of spotlights.

Directly below the tip of the downwards-pointing glass pyramid, a small stone pyramid (about one meter/three feet high) is stationed on the floor, as if mirroring the larger structure above: The tips of the two pyramids almost touch.

Brown was not the first writer to offer esoteric interpretations of the Inverted Pyramid. In Raphaël Aurillac's work Le guide du Paris maçonnique the author declares that the Louvre used to be a Masonic temple. To Aurillac, the various glass pyramids constructed in recent decades include Masonic symbolism. Aurillac sees the downward-pointing pyramid as expressing the Rosicrucian motto V.I.T.R.I.O.L. (Visita Interiorem Terrae Rectificandoque / Invenies Occultum Lapidem, "Visit the interior of the earth and… you will find the secret stone"). Another writer on Masonic architecture, Dominique Setzepfandt, sees the two pyramids as suggesting "the compass and square that together form the Seal of Solomon" (quoted in Code Da Vinci: L'enquête by Marie-France Etchegoin and Frédéric Lenoir),

Luiz Pagano at Louvre Aug 2010

Whether it is built to consolidate power of the Pharaoh or to accumulate the energy of the universe, fact is that the pyramids will be always related as a symbol of mystery and power of our planet.

Inventions of Alberto Santos=Dumont to the First flight of 14 BIS

Santos=Dumont parking his Dirigible Number 9 in front of his apartment at Avenue Champs Elysées - Paris

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Santos=Dumont had a well defined line of reasoning, attacked the lighter than air vehicles and evolved step by step up to the heavier than air, and finally began his studies with the individual flight and ornithopter, "the inventor, as in the nature of Linnaeus, achieve no leaps: he evolves in a slow, gradual process. I have started by improving my ballooning pilot skills attacking the problem of dirigibility. Than I became an aeronaut in the good management of my airships, for many years I have studied the background to the petrol engine, and only when I realized that their state of perfection was enough to make it fly, I attacked the problem of heavier than air". Find below the list of inventions of Santos-Dumont in chronological order.

"Dirigible, biplane and monoplane, - My family, Rio de Janeiro, January 8, 1929".

THE LIGHTER THAN AIR

- Brazil – Smallest captive balloon ever created - with a wingspan of 6 feet in diameter, able to hold 113 m3 of hydrogen, weight 27.5 kg.

First flight made ​​on June 4, 1898;

- --> L'Amérique - was built in 1898, the airman usually took his bicycle attached to the cords in order to return from the place where he had landed - with a wingspan of 9.8 meters in diameter, volume of 500 m3;

- --> Dirigible Number 1 – Santos=Dumont dispensed the web and held the cords directly to the involucre, suffered falls on 18 September and 20 September 1898.
A 25 meters length involucre, 3.5m of diameter at the widest part of the involucre (enclosure), scaling 186m3, De Dion Boutton engine modified with two overlapping cylinders, that reached 3.5 horsepower and a two blades propeller with 50 cm from tip to tip;

- --> Dirigible Number 2 – Santos=Dumont has made changes to the rudder in order to make it more functional, fell on June 11, 1899. Increased the size of the involucre to 26.5 m long, 3.8 meters in diameter at the widest part, able to hold 200m3 of hydrogen, used the same engine De Dion Boutton, now with adjustments that increased the power to 4.5 hp and propellers of 50 cm long tip to tip;

- --> Dirigible Number 3 - After several falls by folding the involucre solved the problem with the design of the "vesica piscis" by increasing the curvature and reducing the length, first flew on November 13, 1899. 20m meters long, 7.5 meters in diameter at the most bulging of the involucre, cubature of 500m3, used the same engine De Dion Boutton of 4.5 hp and propellers 50 cm long from blade to blade;

- -->Dirigible Number 4 - First flight on 08 August 1900. contrary to its own beliefs, the wheels were not landing gears, it was used only to taking the aircraft from hangar, used water ballast. With 29 meters long, S=D sat dangerously on a saddle attached to a bamboo cane, 5.6 meters in diameter at the most bulging part of the enclosure, cubature of 420m3, used a 2-cylinder engine Buchet with 7 hp, the propeller had 4 meters in diameter; 

- --> Dirigible Number 5 - First airship with the design of Deutsch Prize winner, first flight on 12 July 1901, on July 13, 1901 flew 11km in 40 minutes, destroyed in the crash of August 8, 1901. 34 meters long, 6.5 m in diameter at the most bulging part of the Involucre (enclosure), 500m3 of cubature, engine Buchet with 20hp 4-cylinder with blades 4 m;

- -->Dirigible Number 6 - First flight on 06 September 1901, S=D made ​​changes at the helm, won the prize in Deutsch October 19, 1901, was destroyed in the accident in Monaco on 14 February 1902. 

33 m long, 6m diameter of the involucre, 622m3 of cubature, engine 4-cylinder Buchet with 20hp with an exposed radiator, 2 blades propeller with 4m from tip to tip; 

--> - Dirigible Number 7 - First flight on June 16, 1904, destroyed on June 26, 1904 in St Louis - USA (supposedly by sabotage). 49m long, involucre with 7 meters in diameter, 1.257m3 of cubature, made use of a Clement Bayard engine of 60hp, had two propellers, one at the bow and other at the stern with 4 m from tip to tip each;

Dirigible Number 8 - An exact replica of the dirigible Number 6, sold to the director of the Aeroclub of America(USA), Mr Boyce, contrary to its own beliefs, the number eight has been built. Was destroyed in a crash on his first flight in the vicinity New York in September 1902;

- --> Dirigible Number 9 – --> "La Balladeuse" - First flight on June 7, 1903, also sold to Mr. Boyce, with this one, S=D had made ​​several individual flights in metropolitan Paris. It was 2 m long, 5.5 m in diameter, 220m3 of cubature, 2 a cylinders Clement Bayard engine with 3hp ativated a 2.8 m from tip to tip propeller;

Click on the image above to see how Santos=Dumont used the steering apparatus to turn the Dirigible No 9 to the left or to the right

Click on the image above to see how Santos=Dumont steer his dirigible Number 9 up and down

-->- Dirigible Number 10 "Lo Omnibus" - It flew attached to the ground on October 18, 1903. With 48 meters long, 8.5 m involucre in diameter, cubature of 2010m3, worked with a Clement Bayard engine of four cylinders able to 46hp to move two propellers of 3m, one at the bow and other at the stern; 

Dirigivel Santos=Dumont Número 10 - “Lo Omnibus”

- --> Number 11 - Project of an Airplane - Monoplane aircraft based on the Cayley concept, was not constructed;

- -->Number 12 - Project of a Helicopter - (photo of an essay which was built but did not fly) part of the structure and the engine was ready. It had two propellers of 4 meters and tensile prop with 2m in diameter, the helicopter appears in this photo next to an 8-cylinder Antoinette engine of 50 hp; 

- --> Number 13 – Dangerously concept of a half hot air balloon and half hydrogen dirigible - S=D attempt to achieve greater autonomy, (fortunately it was destroyed in the hangar during a storm on December 29, 1904 before tested). 19 meters long, 14.5 m in diameter, cubature -1902 m3 of hydrogen and 750 m3 of air;

- --> Dirigible Number 14 - The spear shaped involucre was not stable, at risk of folding as occurred with the number 1 and 2, first flight on June 12, 1905. With 41 meters long, 3.4 m in diameter, cubature of 186m3, weighed 150 kg, and worked with a Peugeot engine of 2 hp;

- --> Dirigible modified Number 14 - The involucre was changed to 20 meters in length, 6m in diameter and cubature of 200m3;

- --> Dirigible Number 14 coupled with the 14 Bis - Hybrid of an airplane with Hargrave wings and a balloon attached. Tests that will lead to flight of heavier than air. Tests performed on July 21, 22 and 23, 1906;

- -->Les Deux Amerique - Spherical balloon with two horizontal propellers to replace the use of balasts, built to participate in the Gordon-Bennett Cup on September 30, 1906, departing from Place de la Concorde-Paris. With 16 meters long and 2150 m3 of cubature, used a 6-horsepower engine Dion to move two propellers;

-->

THE HEAVIER THAN AIR

- 14 Bis airplane - Built in 1906, made ​​a short flight at Bagatelle Field on 04 September 1906, flew 7-8 meters on September 13, 1906, won the Archdeacon Cup on October 23, 1906 with a flight of 60 meters to 3 meters high, 220m. Flew 6 meters high on November 12, 1906 and won the prize Aeroclub of France - IT WAS THE FIRST DOCUMENTED FLIGHT IN THE HISTORY OF AVIATION, Destroyed in SaintCyr on April 04 1907.

Click on the image above to see how the airplane 14 a blimp in conjunction with number 14 was unstable.

It was 9.6 meters long, 11.46 meters wingspan, 290 kg, and an Antoinette 50 hp engine used to activate a 2m propeller.

We could see in the photo a specially constructed contraption used to start the engin.

Airplane Number 15 - built in plywood, had tests on days 21, 24 2 March 27, 1907, was too unstable to fly.

6 m long, 11 m wingspan, 325 kg, equipped with a 50 hp Antoinette engine, had one single wheel as landing gear;

- Number 16 - Hybrid of airplane with dirigible - Plane as heavy as the air, a envelope filled with hydrogen nullified the weight of an airplane, the first presentation on June 4, 1907, unsuccessful attempted of flight without in June 18, 1907 . Envelope  21 meters long, 3 m in diameter, cubage of 99 m3, with 50 horsepower 8-cylinder Antoinette engine;

- Number 16 modified - Hybrid dirigible with a twin-engine airplane - the change was the placement of two 6 hp engines each in a special structure, tested after the accident of June 18, 1907 in order to test more features to the "heavier the air ";

- Number 17 airplane (La Sauterelle) "grasshopper" - improved version of the number 15 completed in September 1907, was never tested. With 7 m long, 12.4m wingspan, 320 kg, had a 16-cylinder Antoinette engine with 100 hp of power, propeller casing with 2.10 m;

- Number 18 - floatplane had submerged wings and rudder in order to test the hydrodynamic, careened in all tests (see http://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2008/10/uma-aposta-cria-o-numero-18-le-hydro.html) tests in October of 1907 on the Seine;
Was 8 m long, 6m wingspan, with a 16-cylinder Antoinette motor of 100 hp, moved the same number 17 of the casing;

- Aeroplane Number 19 - "La Demoiselle" - Built in 1907, made ​​flights in St-Cyr and Issy-les-Moulineaux on 16, 17 and 21 November 1907. Was 8 meters long, 5.1 meter wingspan, weighed 180 kg and was powered by a Dutheil & Chalmers 2-cylinder, 19 hp. Tests were also conducted with a Darracq 30 horsepower. Was tested a version of Number 19 called 19 Bis, Antonette engined 8-cylinder engine that reached to weigh 180 kg, did not fly;

- Aeroplane Number 20 - "La Demoiselle" - First flight on March 1, 1909 in St. Cyr, had record distance required for takeoff on September 16, 1909, on 17 September of that year flew to the castle Wideville, was 5.55 meters long and 5.50 meters wingspan, 115 kg, has tried several engines, among these, Dutheil & Chalmers, Darracq, Clement Bayard, etc.;

How Linkedin would help to perfectly place professional

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Based on the assumption that each person is the world’s best in a particular subject, worldwide-business-oriented social networking site such as Linkedin will be the perfect tool to locate and to employ the best professionals possible at the best position.

More than just allow registered users to maintain a list of contact with details of people they know and trust in business, replacement software will analyze candidate’s skills to create a GRePS (Graphic Representation of Professional Skills). As fingerprints those GRePS are unique and allows the candidate to experience professional plenitude.

Lets see how it will work:

Mr. Miyamoto Shintaro lives in Tokyo and is currently looking for a job. His experiences encompasses managing Human Resources department, recruiting, training and supervising the F&B teams, as well as creating supporting material. Systems update (Micros, websites) is also part of the routine. He speaks Japanese, English and Italian.

He keeps his profile in Linkedin perfectly updated. The GRePS program generates an specific key that matches perfectly to an open position at an Italian Company.

Mr. Miyamoto was very excited with the prospects of working in Rome, but he lacks the Erasmus Exchange Program, course required by the contractor. He immediately inscribed ate the course and after 6 months he will be “perfectly” qualified to the position.

Thanks to the GRePS Software Mr. Miyamoto and many others around the world would find the perfect workplace, helping Earth’s society to reach post-scarcity Era.

Prospenomics: Paving the Path to Post-Scarcity

Prospenomics, also known as Prospenomia, is the study of prosperity and its generators, aiming to pave a path towards Post-Scarcity. Through an economic and social approach that transcends the conventional paradigms of known economic theory, which often associates relatively low abundance with hard and inefficient work and fails to distribute well-being among individuals, paying little attention to the depletion of resources on the planet.

The field of Prospenomics arises from the urgent need to rethink current economic and social models. To achieve this, we must study all known forms of prosperity, from intelligent decisions made in ancient times to the fictions of Gene Roddenberry's Star Trek, envisioning a future where prosperity is abundant, where no longer uses monetary fractions for the exchange of goods and services, and people work to satisfy their talents and ambitions for personal upliftment; or also the ideas of Buckminster Fuller, in which prosperity was not limited solely to the accumulation of material wealth or economic growth but rather ensuring well-being and sustainability for all forms of life on the planet.

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Considering the 4.5 billion years of evolution and extinctions that have shaped our planet, the delicate balances of biological relationships that have brought us to today, Prospenomics recognizes the complexity of interactions between living beings and the environment, as well as the central role of human beings in this context, as intellectual protagonists of the planet. Therefore, we must make use of our cerebral cortex, the most evolved tool that nature has ever created, as well as future forms of Artificial Intelligence to better explore the resources "seemingly" scarce, to the point of recognizing that they are extremely more abundant than conceived.

Throughout history, humanity has emerged as a species capable of profoundly transforming the environment and influencing the fate of other life forms. This unique ability confers significant responsibility on human beings in preserving and balancing the global ecosystem.

Prospenomics starts from the assumption that the current environmental and social crisis is the result of an economic model based on profit maximization and rampant consumption, which ignores the planet's limits and generates extreme inequality. In this sense, the study seeks to identify and promote alternative economic principles that can lead to a more sustainable and prosperous society.

rough of the Prospenomics logo in a university notebook by Luiz Pagano - The globe with Africa on the right - the origin of humanity, goes counterclockwise to North America with more distant parallel lines and finally the South America, in white. The idea is that, in a counter-clockwise spiral that begins in Africa, the further we move away from our origins, the more we lose self-knowledge and the globe becomes increasingly devoid of its original and natural lines. The drawing conveys the idea that, if a Cartesian analysis of the planet were carried out, we would understand it better and return to a greater balance, similar to that of the first hominids - Osasco 1986

One of the fundamental premises of Prospenomics is the idea that prosperity among individuals and their policies should not be measured solely by economic growth or the accumulation of material wealth, but rather by the well-being and quality of life of the entire society. This implies rethinking traditional development indicators, such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and considering other aspects, such as health, education, access to natural resources, and social equity.

Furthermore, Prospenomics recognizes the importance of cooperation and solidarity as fundamental principles for building a more just and sustainable society. This includes promoting public policies that encourage collaboration among different sectors of society and valuing the knowledge and skills of each individual.

In practical terms, Prospenomics proposes a series of measures and policies aimed at transforming production and consumption systems, promoting the conservation of natural resources, and ensuring equitable access to essential goods and services. This includes adopting sustainable agricultural practices, investing in renewable energies, promoting fair trade, and establishing participatory governance systems.

In summary, Prospenomics represents a new approach to human development, based on the idea that it is possible to create a society of abundance and prosperity for all, without compromising the environment or sacrificing the well-being of future generations. It is an invitation to rethink our values, practices, and institutions, aiming to build a more just, sustainable, and equitable future for all of humanity.

Semiotics and Branding

Knowing that I am an illustrator and appreciator of studies on semiotics, a debate group on post-scarcity societies approached me to create a representative logo. Aware of the importance of this symbol, I sought to incorporate elements from different cultures and beliefs, ensuring its universality. Inspired by ancestral and contemporary symbols, I created a logo that conveys the essence of post-scarcity.

The central circle in the shape of a cornucopia (a medieval symbol of wealth) represents the spheres of the universe, in constant harmony. The vertical lines connected to the circles symbolize the interconnected cells of the universe, working together to achieve abundance and plenty. The burgundy or purple color is a symbol of wealth and prosperity in many cultures, reflecting the potential of each individual. Saffron yellow, associated with garments worn by monks and the color of the earth, represents nobility and the foundation base.

Together, these elements form a universal symbol of post-scarcity, inspiring each person to be part of a prosperous and sustainable society.